1、 Working principle and process flow

Membrane technology is used as the core filter material, supplemented by pretreatment or other equipment to achieve the purpose of purification.

*Process flow of secondary reverse osmosis purified water:

Raw water - quartz sand filter - activated carbon filter - security filter - multistage pump - primary reverse osmosis membrane (concentrated water recovery) - multistage pump - secondary reverse osmosis membrane (concentrated water recovery) - purified water

*Process flow of primary reverse osmosis purified water:

Raw water - quartz sand filter - activated carbon filter - security filter - multistage pump - primary reverse osmosis membrane (concentrated water recovery) - purified water

*Process flow of mineral water, mountain spring water and water purification:

Raw water - quartz sand filter - activated carbon filter - security filter - ultrafiltration membrane - mineral water and mountain spring water

*Process flow of ultrapure water and deionized water:

Raw water - quartz sand filter - activated carbon filter - security filter - multistage pump - primary reverse osmosis membrane (concentrated water recovery) (or secondary reverse osmosis process) - primary mixed bed equipment - secondary mixed bed equipment - ultrapure water

2、 Introduction to filters and filter elements at all levels

1. Quartz sand filter:

The filter is filled with refined multi-layer and multi-path quartz sand to effectively remove sediment, rust, large impurities and particle suspended solids, and effectively improve the inlet water quality. The filter can be backwashed manually, and the filter element has a long service life. Theoretically, it does not need to be replaced, but only needs a small amount of supplement. The filter shell is made of two materials: stainless steel and FRP. The filling amount of filter material varies from 150 kg to 3000 kg according to the treatment capacity.

2. Activated carbon filter:

Activated carbon filter is mainly used to remove organic matter and residual chlorine. The filter is filled with water purification activated carbon (mainly fruit shell activated carbon), and the filtered water enters the activated carbon filter. First, it adsorbs some organic matter in the water, with an adsorption rate of about 60%; The second is the adsorption of residual chlorine in water. The removal of residual chlorine by activated carbon is not a simple adsorption, but a catalytic effect on its surface. Therefore, there is no adsorption saturation problem of activated carbon, but the loss of carbon. The filter shell is made of stainless steel and FRP. The filling amount of filter material varies from 50kg to 1000kg according to the treatment capacity. After activated carbon adsorption, the effluent has basically met the water inlet requirements of RO device: sd1 ≤ 4;

3. Security filter:

Pp20-30 filter element is installed in the security filter to filter finer impurities and particles to prevent particles from entering the high-pressure pump and RO membrane module and scratching the membrane surface. Under normal working conditions, the filter element can maintain a service life of more than 3 months, and the structure of the filter meets the requirements of rapid replacement of the filter element. The shell of the filter is made of stainless steel, and there are 3-12 filter elements according to the processing capacity.

4. Reverse osmosis membrane filter:

Reverse osmosis membrane is the heart of purified water equipment. The water treated by RO reverse osmosis device can remove most inorganic salts, all organics, harmful chemicals, pesticide residues, bacteria and viruses, and make its water quality meet the standard of purified water. According to the requirements of effluent quality, it is divided into primary reverse osmosis treatment and secondary reverse osmosis treatment. The desalination rate of water treated by secondary reverse osmosis is more than 99%, the utilization rate of water is more than 60%, and the water quality meets the national standard of barreled purified water. Reverse osmosis membrane generally uses the membrane of American hydergic company, with 4040 and 8040 specifications. According to the processing capacity, there are 1-20, with a service life of more than 2 years.

5. Ultrafiltration membrane filter:

Hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane is the heart of mineral water equipment. The water treated by ultrafiltration device can remove most bacteria and almost all organic matter and microorganisms, so that its water quality can meet the water purification standard. The utilization rate of water reaches 75-90%, the treatment capacity is large, and it is not easy to block. Now all domestic membranes are used, and there are also 4040 and 8040 specifications.

6. Mixed bed equipment:

Anion and cation resin is used as filter material to remove anion and cation in water, so as to achieve the purpose of more purity than purified water. The filter materials in the mixed bed are divided into renewable and non renewable. The use cost of renewable filter material will be lower, and that of non renewable filter material will be longer. The water treated by the mixed bed is called ultrapure water. The measurement unit is resistivity, which is the inverse ratio of conductivity. Generally, the resistivity of water treated by the mixed bed is between 1-15 megohm.

3、 Complete equipment configuration of purified water plant:

1. Secondary reverse osmosis water generator:

According to QS certification requirements, the water production equipment of purified water plant must be above 1t / h. Therefore, customers' needs are generally more than 1t, and there are 1t, 2T, 5T and other options. The purified water plant equipment must be secondary reverse osmosis to meet the effluent requirements, that is, the conductivity is less than 10.

2. Automatic bottle washing and filling machine:

It is an equipment specially used for cleaning purified water bucket and filling purified water. It adopts pneumatic device and operates automatically from external washing to filling and capping. The cleaning process is generally four station cleaning: external cleaning - internal cleaning - disinfectant cleaning - purified water cleaning, followed by filling and capping; According to different filling capacity, it can be divided into single row and double row. Those filling 60-120 bottles per hour are generally single row, and those above 120 bottles are double row (such as 200 and 400); According to different shapes, they are divided into linear and L-shaped.

3. Stainless steel water storage tank:

The purified water filtered by the reverse osmosis water maker shall be stored in the stainless steel water storage tank first, and then filled after disinfection and preservation. The water storage tank is generally divided into 1t, 2T, 3T, 5T and other specifications. It is equipped with a liquid level switch and connected with the water maker to realize automatic water inlet and shutdown. The material is 304 food grade stainless steel, and the support can be iron or stainless steel.

4. Ozone generator:

Pure water is used as raw material to produce ozone disinfection and fresh-keeping pure water through electrolysis of pure water. The equipment has the advantages of no need for other raw materials and no pollution; The disadvantages are less ozone production, no mixing equipment and insufficient disinfection. It is generally used for water making equipment below 1t.

5. Ozone mixer:

The stainless steel frame uses medical oxygen as raw material to produce ozone through electrolytic oxygen, and then fully mixes ozone and purified water with a mixing pump to form a milky white gas-liquid mixture to achieve the effect of complete disinfection and preservation. The equipment produces a large amount of ozone and has good disinfection effect. It is generally used for water making equipment above 1t. Ozone is a strong oxidizing gas with a special smell. During the storage of purified water, ozone will naturally decompose into oxygen and free oxygen. Therefore, bottled water generally needs to be stored for more than 12 hours before sale to facilitate ozone decomposition.

6. Air purifier:

It is specially used to purify the air in the filling room, ensure that the air cleanliness in the sealed filling room reaches more than 1000, and eliminate the secondary pollution during pure water filling. According to the size of the filling room, one or two can be selected.

7. Bottle cap disinfection cabinet:

It is specially used to disinfect the bottle cap. It is of stainless steel structure. There are two kinds of disinfection facilities, ozone and ultraviolet, to ensure that the bottle cap is free of pollution.

8. Automatic sealing machine (optional)

It is installed behind the filling machine and uses steam as energy to seal the heat shrinkable film at the bottle mouth. Specifications range from 60-300 bottles per hour, equipped with plastic chain plate.

9. Automatic water softener (optional)

It is specially used in areas with hard raw water quality to remove calcium and magnesium ions in water through ion exchange, so as to soften water and protect RO membrane from scaling and blockage. Generally, if the hardness of raw water exceeds 500, a water softener with a treatment capacity of 2-35t per hour can be selected according to the different water production capacity.

10. Air shower room (optional)

It is specially used to disinfect the operators before entering and leaving the filling room to avoid human factors polluting the air in the filling room.

4、 Complete equipment configuration of mineral water and mountain spring water plant

1. Ultrafiltration water purifier

The core technology is ultrafiltration membrane, which can not only filter impurities and bacteria, but also retain natural minerals in mineral water. The whole machine is of stainless steel structure, luxurious and beautiful, equipped with large flow pretreatment, and the water production varies from 1t to 15t.

2. Other equipment is the same as "equipment configuration of purified water plant", except water softener.

5、 Ultra pure water equipment configuration

1. Primary or secondary reverse osmosis water generator

As the pretreatment of ultrapure water equipment, it can remove most of impurities, bacteria and ions. Ensure the desalination rate of subsequent equipment.

2. Primary or secondary mixed bed

Anion and cation resins are used to further remove ions in water, so that the resistivity of water can meet the use requirements.

3. Stainless steel water storage tank

Used to store ultrapure water.

4. Stainless steel booster pump

It is used to pressurize the ultrapure water in the water storage tank and transport it to the designated workplace.

6、 Configuration of purified water equipment for unit

1. Primary or secondary reverse osmosis water generator

Unit uses: first, internal drinking water and canteen water; Second, manufacturing process water, such as tableware disinfection company used to clean tableware. Generally, secondary reverse osmosis equipment is used in the north and primary reverse osmosis equipment is used in the south. The general dosage is about. 3-1t / h, and the configuration of FRP or stainless steel can be selected.

2. Stainless steel water storage tank

3. Stainless steel booster pump

4. Ozone aquatic generator

7、 Differences between large equipment and household and commercial pure water machines

1. Domestic and commercial pure water machines are all primary reverse osmosis, and large equipment can be divided into primary and secondary.

2. The water volume of domestic and commercial pure water machines is relatively small. The unit of measurement is how many gallons per day. The actual consumption can only be calculated according to 6-8 hours. It can not work for a long time. It needs to be equipped with a special pressure bucket; Large equipment produces large amount of water. The unit of measurement is liters per hour. It can work continuously for more than 10 hours without pressure bucket